\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\definecolor{bg}{HTML}{171D2B}
\definecolor{ak}{HTML}{F7B538}
\begin{document}
\pagecolor{bg}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.9]
  % sumbu
  \draw[white,->] (-1.5,0) -- (5.8,0) node[below,white] {$x$};
  \draw[white,->] (0,-1.5) -- (0,5.8) node[left,white] {$y$};
  \foreach \x in {1,2,3,4,5}
    \draw[white] (\x,0.08) -- (\x,-0.08) node[below,white] {\x};
  \foreach \y in {1,2,3,4,5}
    \draw[white] (0.08,\y) -- (-0.08,\y) node[left,white] {\y};
  \draw[white] (-0.1,-0.1) node[below left] {$0$};
  % garis y = 2x - 1
  \draw[ak,very thick,domain=-0.4:3.4,smooth] plot (\x,{2*\x-1});
  \node[ak,anchor=south west] at (3.6,4.4) {$y = 2x - 1$};
  % titik potong
  \fill[white] (0,-1) circle (2.2pt);
  \node[white,anchor=east] at (-0.15,-1.05) {$(0,-1)$};
  \fill[white] (0.5,0) circle (2.2pt);
  \node[white,anchor=north] at (0.75,-0.25) {$\left(\tfrac{1}{2},0\right)$};
  % tangga gradien: dari (1,1) naik 2, kanan 1
  \draw[white!70!bg,dashed,thick] (1,1) -- (1,3);
  \draw[white!70!bg,dashed,thick] (1,3) -- (2,3);
  \node[white] at (0.62,2.05) {$2$};
  \node[white] at (1.5,3.3) {$1$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}